Orthotics Explained: Custom vs Over-the-Counter Insoles

Reviewed by the FootWell editorial team · Edited by Mustafa Bilgic · Updated June 2026 · ~7 min read

Orthotics are inserts that sit inside your shoes to support, cushion or adjust how your foot functions. They range from inexpensive over-the-counter insoles to prescription custom devices, and they help many — but not everyone.

What are orthotics?

Broadly, orthotics fall into two groups. Accommodative orthotics cushion and offload painful areas; functional orthotics aim to control abnormal foot motion such as overpronation. They can ease conditions like plantar fasciitis, flat feet, high arches and metatarsalgia by improving load distribution.

Custom vs over-the-counter

• Over-the-counter (OTC): affordable, widely available, and effective for many common, mild problems. A good starting point.
• Custom orthotics: made from a mould or scan of your foot and prescribed for specific mechanical or medical needs. More expensive but tailored.

Who benefits?

People with arch-related pain, overpronation, recurring plantar fasciitis, diabetic foot risk or specific deformities often benefit. Many others do perfectly well with supportive shoes alone. If OTC insoles relieve your symptoms, you may not need custom devices.

Getting the most from orthotics

1. Break them in gradually over a week or two.
2. Use shoes with removable footbeds so the orthotic fits properly.
3. Replace worn insoles, as their support degrades.
4. See a podiatrist if OTC options don't help or symptoms are complex.

Frequently asked questions

Are custom orthotics worth it?

For complex or persistent problems, yes; for many mild cases, quality over-the-counter insoles work well at a fraction of the cost.

Sources & further reading

• Orthotics, American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA)
• Insoles, NHS
• Foot support, Mayo Clinic